Review of Fuel Cell Technologies and Evaluation of their Potential and Challenges for Electrified Propulsion Systems in Commercial Aviation

This paper presents an overview of the most relevant fuel cell types and identifies promising options for application in propulsion systems commercial electrified aviation. The general design, operating principles main characteristics polymer electrolyte membrane, alkaline, direct methanol, phosphoric acid, molten carbonate solid oxide cells are described. Evaluation criteria derived from aviation-specific requirements aircraft. Based on these criteria, presented evaluated by means a weighted point rating. results this evaluation reveal high potential oxide, low temperature membrane cells. Design challenges all being emphasised, instance, concerning cold start, cooling supply pressurised air.